{"id":146980,"date":"2025-03-14T16:38:50","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T13:38:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/?p=146980"},"modified":"2025-03-14T16:38:50","modified_gmt":"2025-03-14T13:38:50","slug":"dis-kirasi-nedir-osmanlinin-kalpleri-isitan-ramazan-adeti-zarif-gelenegi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/dis-kirasi-nedir-osmanlinin-kalpleri-isitan-ramazan-adeti-zarif-gelenegi\/","title":{"rendered":"Di\u015f kiras\u0131 nedir? Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kalpleri \u0131s\u0131tan Ramazan adeti, zarif gelene\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Osmanl\u0131 medeniyeti, \u0130slam ahlak\u0131na dayanan bir anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerine kuruluydu. Yard\u0131mla\u015fma, merhamet, misafirperverlik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, toplumun geneline hakimdi. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n en zarif \u00f6rneklerinden biri de \u201cdi\u015f kiras\u0131\u201d gelene\u011fiydi. Peki di\u015f kiras\u0131 ne demek oluyor?<\/p>\n

OSMANLILARDA D\u0130\u015e K\u0130RASI ADET\u0130 NED\u0130R?<\/h3>\n

Nerede o eski ramazanlar\u2026 Hakikatten nerede o eski ramazanlar? Yard\u0131mseverli\u011fin ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ay\u0131 ramazan\u0131n maneviyat\u0131n\u0131n doyas\u0131ya ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, c\u00f6mertli\u011fin ayyuka \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cdi\u015f kiras\u0131\u201d gibi zarif Osmanl\u0131 ramazan gelenekleri nerede kald\u0131?<\/p>\n

Di\u015f kiras\u0131, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n zerafetini, yard\u0131m severli\u011fini, misafirperverli\u011fini g\u00f6steren muhte\u015fem bir \u00f6rnek.<\/p>\n

\"Di\u015f
Di\u015f kiras\u0131 nedir? Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kalpleri \u0131s\u0131tan Ramazan adeti, zarif gelene\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Eski Ramazan-\u0131 \u015ferif iftarlar\u0131n\u0131n bize mahsus g\u00fczel \u00e2detlerinden biri \u201cdi\u015f kiras\u0131\u201dd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ramazan aylar\u0131nda iftar sofralar\u0131na davet edilen misafirlere, sadece yemek ikram edilmekle kal\u0131nmaz, h\u00e2ne sahibi taraf\u0131ndan bir miktar para veya de\u011ferli bir hediyelik e\u015fya takdim edilerek u\u011furlan\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu gelene\u011fe di\u015f kiras\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarda c\u00f6mertlik ve hay\u0131r duygular\u0131n\u0131 \u015fahland\u0131rmas\u0131yla bu gelenek ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cDi\u015f kiras\u0131\u201d denilen bu hediyenin zarif gerek\u00e7esi, yedirdikleri yemeklerle misafirlerin di\u015flerine zahmet verdirdikleri i\u00e7in diye bilinse de davetlilerin o gece davete icabet ederek, h\u00e2ne sahibinin sevap kazanmas\u0131na vesile olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tabi\u00ee i\u015fin asl\u0131, bu vesile ile muhta\u00e7lara yard\u0131mda bulunmak, onlar\u0131 sevindirmektir.<\/p>\n

Bu ince davran\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0130slam ahlak\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n, zarafetinin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Peki di\u015f kiras\u0131 gelene\u011fi nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131yordu?<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131da Ramazan ay\u0131 boyunca evlerin kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutularak o anda oradan ge\u00e7en her kim varsa istedi\u011fi eve girerek iftar yapabiliyordu. Orucunu a\u00e7an ki\u015fi gitmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken hane sahibi taraf\u0131ndan \u2018di\u015f kiras\u0131\u2019 denilen hediyeler verilirdi. Bu, bir miktar para, alt\u0131n veya g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fck, tabaklar, kehribar tesbihler gibi hediyelik e\u015fya olurdu.<\/p>\n

Di\u015f kiras\u0131 iki anlama geliyordu:<\/p>\n

Birincisi, ev s\u00e2hibine sevap kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in misafir gelene te\u015fekk\u00fcrd\u00fc. Y\u00e2ni, \u201cZahmet edip evimize te\u015frif ettiniz. M\u00fctevaz\u0131 yeme\u011fimi yiyip bana sevap kazand\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z. Di\u015fleriniz y\u0131prand\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in size te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim\u201d demekti.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci anlam\u0131 ise iftara gelen fakirlere onlar\u0131 incitmeden sadaka vermek, sevindirmekti.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131na kadar Ramazan ay\u0131nda devletin vezir ve y\u00fcksek memurlar\u0131n\u0131n konaklar\u0131nda her ak\u015fam iftar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e2det h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti. Bu d\u00e2vetlerde yemek ve ikramda bulunmakla beraber, fakirlere di\u015f kiras\u0131 ad\u0131nda para da verilirdi. Fakir fukara da bu yerlere gider ve davet sofras\u0131na otururdu. Ev s\u00e2hibini tan\u0131s\u0131nlar veya tan\u0131mas\u0131nlar kona\u011f\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nca i\u00e7eri buyur edilirlerdi…<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    D\u0130\u015e K\u0130RASI K\u0130MLERE VER\u0130L\u0130R?<\/h3>\n

    Di\u015f kiras\u0131, h\u00e2ne sahibi taraf\u0131ndan iftar sofralar\u0131na davet edilen misafirlere ikram edilir.<\/p>\n

    \"Di\u015f
    \u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
    \n

    D\u0130\u015e K\u0130RASI SADAKA MIDIR?<\/h3>\n

    Di\u015f kiras\u0131 sadaka yerine ge\u00e7en nafile bir ibadettir.<\/p>\n

    Hadis-i \u015feriflerde buyruldu ki:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u201cSadaka verenin r\u0131zk\u0131 artar ve duas\u0131 kabul olur!\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka, kabir azab\u0131ndan korur. K\u0131yamette de himaye alt\u0131na al\u0131r.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka 70 \u00e7e\u015fit belay\u0131 \u00f6nler. Bunlar\u0131n en hafifi c\u00fczzam ve barast\u0131r.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cVallahi, sadaka vermekle mal eksilmez. O halde sadaka verin!\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cR\u0131zk\u0131n\u0131n bol olmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen sadaka versin.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka vererek r\u0131zk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bolla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.\u201d [Beyheki]<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka mal\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131r.\u201d [\u0130bni Adiy]<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka vermede acele edin; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bela, sadakay\u0131 ge\u00e7emez.\u201d [Taberani, Beyheki]<\/li>\n
    • \u201cSadaka verin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sadaka Cehennemden kurtulu\u015funuza sebep olur.\u201d[Taberani]<\/li>\n
    • \u201cBir hurma tanesi de olsa, sadaka olarak verin; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o, az da olsa a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 dindirir ve suyun ate\u015fi s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 yok eder.\u201d [\u0130bni M\u00fcbarek]<\/li>\n
    • \u201cG\u00fcne ba\u015flarken sadaka vermek, felaketleri \u00f6nler.\u201d [Deylemi]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Osmanl\u0131 devleti, d\u00fcnya tarihindeki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, en uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc imparatorluklardan biridir. Osmanl\u0131 imparatorlu\u011funun bu kadar uzun \u00f6mre sahip olmas\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki g\u00fczel ahlaka b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem vermesi yat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":146985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[14224,14225],"class_list":["post-146980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kesfet","tag-dis-kirasi","tag-osmanli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146980"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146980"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146980\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":147001,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146980\/revisions\/147001"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/146985"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=146980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=146980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}