{"id":45878,"date":"2020-11-06T16:44:13","date_gmt":"2020-11-06T13:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.mavikadin.com\/?p=45878"},"modified":"2024-09-16T11:31:31","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T08:31:31","slug":"kalem-asisi-nasil-yapilir-kalem-acisi-nedir-cesitleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/kalem-asisi-nasil-yapilir-kalem-acisi-nedir-cesitleri-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r Kalem A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Nedir, \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130ki bitki par\u00e7as\u0131 birle\u015ftirilir ve belirli bir m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde kayna\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bir araya getirilen par\u00e7alar bu y\u00f6ntemle canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek bir bitki gibi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte buna a\u015f\u0131lama denir. Bitkilerin \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131nda tercih edilen bu teknik, tohumsuz<\/p>\n

\u0130ki bitki par\u00e7as\u0131 birle\u015ftirilir ve belirli bir m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde kayna\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. <\/strong>Bir araya getirilen par\u00e7alar bu y\u00f6ntemle canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek bir bitki gibi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte buna a\u015f\u0131lama denir. Bitkilerin \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131nda tercih edilen bu teknik, tohumsuz \u00fcretme olarak bilinmektedir. A\u015f\u0131lama tekni\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fik y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fakat kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00f6z a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, ucu kalem gibi kesilmi\u015f \u00e7ubukla yap\u0131lan a\u011fa\u00e7 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131na denir.<\/p>\n

Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Ne Demektir?<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kaliteli meyve al\u0131namayacak bir a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00e7ekirdekten veya tohumdan \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131l\u0131r. <\/strong>Daha sonra iyi meyve veren farkl\u0131 bir a\u011fa\u00e7tan gen\u00e7 dallar al\u0131n\u0131r ve bu ikisi birbiriyle kayna\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece verimsiz a\u011fac\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc iyile\u015ftirilmi\u015f olur. A\u011fac\u0131n bir dal\u0131 veya tamam\u0131 kesilir, ucu kalem gibi bir a\u015f\u0131 elde edilir ve bu, ayn\u0131 veya ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn tekrar b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclmek istenen a\u011fac\u0131n dal\u0131 yar\u0131l\u0131r ve a\u015f\u0131, bu dala sokularak ba\u011flan\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu a\u011fa\u00e7 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ismi k\u0131saca kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131,<\/strong> taze kesilmi\u015f ana\u00e7la taze kesilmi\u015f kalemin kombiyum b\u00f6lgelerinin \u00fcst \u00fcste gelecek \u015fekilde s\u0131k\u0131ca temas ettirilerek ana\u00e7 ile kalem aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulmas\u0131na denir. Bu a\u015f\u0131, odunta\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u015f\u0131 kaleminin ana\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lacak bitkiye uygun zamanda ve uygun \u015fekilde irle\u015ftirilmesiyle yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Ne Zaman Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ilkbaharda yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 1 Mart tarihi ile 1 Nisan tarihi aras\u0131nda yap\u0131labilir.Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki mant\u0131k kalemin uyanmam\u0131\u015f anac\u0131n ise uyanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Genelde b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yarma a\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle uygulan\u0131r: <\/strong>A\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lacak ana\u00e7 fidan\u0131n tepesini keserek i\u015fe ba\u015flan\u0131r. Kesilen yere kalem \u015feklindeki s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn yerle\u015ftirilmesinden sonra hava almayacak bi\u00e7imde kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 uygulanacak ana\u00e7\u0131n tepesi toprak seviyesinin 5-25 cm. \u00fczerinden kesilmelidir. Kesilen k\u0131s\u0131mda a\u00e7\u0131lan yere sokulacak kalem iyi cins bir kalem olmal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tutmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde a\u011fa\u00e7 h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyecektir. Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bu etkisi, di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131lardan daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zira bu teknikte a\u011fac\u0131n tepesi kesildi\u011fi i\u00e7in t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc tamam\u0131yla a\u015f\u0131lanan s\u00fcrg\u00fcne verecektir. Bunun sonucunda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilecektir. Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak kalem ucu k\u00fct kesilmez, ucuna do\u011fru inceltilerek ana\u00e7 \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da kendi aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r. Dilcikli a\u015f\u0131 (Ingiliz a\u015f\u0131s\u0131), Gaga a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, \u00c7oban a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, Yarma a\u015f\u0131, K\u00f6pr\u00fc a\u015f\u0131, Kenar a\u015f\u0131, Kakma a\u015f\u0131, Kemer a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, Kabuk alt\u0131 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n

Meyve a\u011fac\u0131 g\u00f6z a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n vermeyecek kadar \u00e7ok kurtland\u0131ysa kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131l\u0131r. Kalem a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda bir dal par\u00e7as\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131 kalemi olarak nitelendirilen bu dal par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde 2-3-4 g\u00f6z bulunur. Kalem a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7oban a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, kakma a\u015f\u0131, \u0130ngiliz a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ve yarma a\u015f\u0131 en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitleridir.<\/p>\n

Kalem A\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Yapman\u0131n P\u00fcf Noktalar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u015f\u0131 kalemi, bu a\u015f\u0131lama tekni\u011fin olumlu sonu\u00e7 vermesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynamaktad\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131 kaleminin fazla kaliteli olmamas\u0131 durumunda uygulama ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 uygulan\u0131rken hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 20 dereceden fazla olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  2. A\u015f\u0131lamadan 7-10 g\u00fcn evvel kesim yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r ki a\u015f\u0131 suyu aks\u0131n. Bir de a\u011fac\u0131n dibi \u00e7ok az yaralan\u0131r. (Testerenin odun tabakas\u0131na girebilece\u011fi kadar yaralanmas\u0131 k\u00e2fidir.) A\u015f\u0131 suyu buradan da akmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  3. A\u015f\u0131lama zaman\u0131 gelince kesim yerinin tazelendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Kabuk, odun tabakas\u0131ndan rahatl\u0131kla ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Kabuk lifsiz bir \u015fekilde kalkmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  4. A\u015f\u0131 tutuncaya dek alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan yoz filizlerin mutlaka temizlenmesi gerekir. A\u015f\u0131 tutsa bile buna devam etmelidir.<\/li>\n
  5. A\u015f\u0131 i\u015flemi, y\u0131l\u0131n uygun zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve g\u00f6zler a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda uyur durumda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  6. Ana\u00e7 ve kalem birbiri ile uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. Kalemin kambiyumu, anac\u0131n kambiyumu ile birbirine de\u011fecek \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  8. A\u015f\u0131lama i\u015flemi bittikten hemen sonra yara y\u00fczeylerinin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015f\u0131 macunu ile kapat\u0131lmal\u0131 veya herhangi bir y\u00f6ntemle a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kurumas\u0131 \u00f6nlenmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0130ki bitki par\u00e7as\u0131 birle\u015ftirilir ve belirli bir m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde kayna\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bir araya getirilen par\u00e7alar bu y\u00f6ntemle canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek bir bitki gibi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte buna a\u015f\u0131lama denir. Bitkilerin \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131nda tercih edilen bu teknik, tohumsuz \u0130ki bitki par\u00e7as\u0131 birle\u015ftirilir ve belirli bir m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde kayna\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bir araya getirilen par\u00e7alar bu y\u00f6ntemle canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek bir bitki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":45877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[36371,36345,36373,36370,36372],"class_list":["post-45878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-bahce-bakim","tag-bitki-asilama","tag-bitki-cogaltma","tag-kalem-asisi","tag-tohumsuz-uretim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45878"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45879,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45878\/revisions\/45879"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgrthaber.com\/mavikadin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}